Mind the gap: reconciling tropical forest carbon flux estimates from earth observation and national reporting requires transparency

Table 8 Emission and removal factors in Indonesia and Malaysia as estimated by different flux datasets

Emission factor type	Global EO (Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹)	NGHGI (Mg C ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹)
Indonesia
Primary forest emission factor	Country average: 197.7	Dryland:176.6* Swamp forest: 142.7*
Malaysia
Primary forest emission factor	Country average: 159.3	Inland State land forest: 140 PRF inland: 194
Removal factors	Old growth: 0.41 Old secondary forest (> 20 yrs): 1.60 Young secondary forest (< 20 yrs): 4.2 (min:1.3’; max: 10.6) Plantation forest: 3.0 to 14.1 Rubber: 3.4 Oil Palm: 3.02	Inland forest: 4.37 Peat swamp: 4.32 State land: 2.02 Plantation forest: 2.44 Rubber: 1.95 Oil Palm: 1.84

The data for the Global EO are for the year 2020 [17], for the Indonesian NGHGI for 2020 [49], and for the Malaysian NGHGI for 2019 [50]
^*These values were presented in biomass and converted to carbon using the conversion factor of 0.47

ISSN: 1750-0680