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Fig. 24 | Carbon Balance and Management

Fig. 24

From: Wood Vault: remove atmospheric CO2 with trees, store wood for carbon sequestration for now and as biomass, bioenergy and carbon reserve for the future

Fig. 24

WHS as a thermostat for managing the Earth’s climate. Sustainable Wood Harvesting and Storage helps to remove CO2 and locks it away semi-permanently as a biomass/bioenergy/carbon reserve, which can be used as a CO2 supply should astronomical forcings drive the climate into an ice age in the future. CO2 data from Antarctica ice cores [29] (800,000 years ago to 1999) and Mauna Loa Observatory (1959–2021) [30] plotted in black dots, while red dots indicate a future scenario of an exponential decrease from 500 to 350 ppm [31], starting from 2050 with an e-folding timescale of 200 years. Blue dots are CO2 during the Marine Isotope Stage 19 (MIS19), shifted by 777,000 years as an analog of orbitally driven climate indicator, known as the Milankovitch Theory [22]. Identified periods in the CO2 data include the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), the penultimate deglaciation, a Holocene CO2 rise of 20 ppm over the last 8000 years that has been hypothesized as consequence of agriculture (the Early Anthropogenic Hypothesis [25, 26]), and industrialization

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