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Table 2 Average annual fluxes of carbon resulting from land-use and land-cover change, and disturbances for the period 2001–2020

From: Operational assessment tool for forest carbon dynamics for the United States: a new spatially explicit approach linking the LUCAS and CBM-CFS3 models

Transition group

Transition Type

Emission

Harvest

Mortality

Transfer

Agricultural expansion

Cropland

0.58

0.44

0.26

 

Pasture

0.56

0.49

0.25

 

Total

1.14

0.93

0.51

 

High Intensity

0.23

0.09

Urbanization

Medium Intensity

0.73

0.27

 

Low Intensity

1.19

0.45

 

Open Space

1.74

0.66

 

Total

3.89

1.46

 

Forest Clearcut

59.41

57.31

6.95

Forest harvest

Forest Selection

2.19

2.15

 

Total

61.60

59.46

6.95

 

High Severity Severity

5.60

8.22

Fire

Medium Severity Severity

3.96

5.68

 

Low Severity Severity

6.34

6.72

 

Total

15.90

20.62

 

High Severity Severity

6.05

Insect

Medium Severity Severity

4.96

 

Low Severity Severity

6.25

 

Total

17.26

  1. Emissions refer to the direct combustion of carbon to the atmosphere as either carbon monoxide, methane, or carbon dioxide. All emissions are shown in units of carbon. Harvest refers to the transfer of carbon out of the ecosystem to harvested wood products. Mortality is the transfer of live carbon to DOM pools. Transfer refers to the transfer of carbon from one DOM pool to another. Units are in Tg C year