Dramatic increase in water use efficiency with cumulative forest disturbance at the large forested watershed scale

Table 2 Kendall and Spearman correlation results between forest disturbance and selected carbon and water variables

Type of variable	Variable	1971–1999				2000–2016
		Kendall		Spearman		Kendall		Spearman
		Cor	P	Cor	P	Cor	P	Cor	P
Carbon	AGBIO	0.99	< 0.001	1.00	< 0.001	− 0.54	0.002	− 0.78	0.000
	TEC	1.00	< 0.001	1.00	< 0.001	− 0.03	0.903	− 0.30	0.235
	DOM	0.77	< 0.001	0.88	< 0.001	0.62	<0.001	0.81	<0.001
	NPP	0.81	< 0.001	0.90	< 0.001	− 0.22	0.236	− 0.42	0.098
	NBP	− 0.52	< 0.001	− 0.75	< 0.001	− 0.07	0.715	− 0.10	0.708
Water	ET	0.15	0.271	0.22	0.244	− 0.46	0.010	− 0.62	0.010
	Q	0.27	0.044	0.39	0.037	0.37	0.042	0.53	0.032
	Runoff ratio	0.12	0.381	0.17	0.382	0.41	0.022	0.58	0.016
Carbon and water relationship	WUE	0.27	0.044	0.35	0.061	0.43	0.017	0.57	0.018

Where Cor correlation coefficient, P is the level of significance, bolded italics indicate significant trends at a significance level of 0.05, CECA cumulative clear-cut area, AGBIO above ground biomass, DOM dead organic matter, TEC total ecosystem carbon, NPP net primary production, NBP net biome production, Tmean annual average daily temperature, Tmin annual minimum daily temperature, Tmax annual maximum daily temperature, P precipitation, PET potential evapotranspiration, ET evapotranspiration, Q mean annual streamflow, WUE water use efficiency

ISSN: 1750-0680