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Table 1 Correlation coefficients between WUE with VPD, light intensity and soil water content

From: Responses of forest carbon and water coupling to thinning treatments from leaf to stand scales in a young montane pine forest

WUE across spatial scales

VPD

Light intensity (PAR or Transmitted solar radiation)

Soil water content at 20 cm

Soil water content at 40 cm

Leaf-level

 Leaf-level WUE

− 0.25***

0.33***

− 0.25

− 0.37**

 Leaf-level WUEi

0.45***

0.11

− 0.47***

− 0.55***

Tree-level

 Tree-level WUE

− 0.54**

− 0.37

0.07

− 0.03

Stand-level

 Stand-level WUE

− 0.79***

− 0.61**

− 0.005

− 0.14

 Stand-level WUEi

− 0.20

− 0.85***

− 0.40

− 0.64*

  1. Light intensity includes PAR at the leaf level and transmitted solar radiation at tree and stand levels. Star indicates the significant level at 0.01***, 0.05**, and 0.1*