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Table 5 Area- and yield-scaled greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from synthetic N manufacture and fertilization for wheat and maize in different agricultural regions of China (2015–2017)

From: Greenhouse gas emissions from synthetic nitrogen manufacture and fertilization for main upland crops in China

Agricultural region

Area-scaled GHG emissions (t CO2-eq ha−1)

Yield-scaled GHG emissions (kg CO2-eq kg grain−1)

Wheat

Maize

Wheat

Maize

NEC

–

1.78 ± 0.04

–

0.27 ± 0.01

NC

2.10 ± 0.03

2.04 ± 0.07

0.35 ± 0.01

0.34 ± 0.02

MLYR

2.60 ± 0.07

2.48 ± 0.10

0.50 ± 0.01

0.48 ± 0.02

NWC

2.47 ± 0.03

3.26 ± 0.10

0.54 ± 0.01

0.56 ± 0.02

SSWC

1.29 ± 0.06

2.37 ± 0.03

0.39 ± 0.02

0.47 ± 0.01

  1. Values in the table represent mean ± standard deviation
  2. NEC Northeast China, NC North China, MLYR Middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River, NWC Northwest China, SSWC South and Southwest China