Table 4 Substitution coefficients and lifetime expectancy of wood products
From: Carbon costs and benefits of France’s biomass energy production targets
Wood products | Lifetime expectancy | Substitution coefficient | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Value (years) | References | tC/tC | Reference | |
Timber | 50 | [92] | 1.2 | FCBA (pers.comm.) |
Paper (44% of pulp and paper) | 4 | 0 | FCBA (pers.comm.) | |
Pulp (56% of pulp and paper) | 0.53 | FCBA (pers.comm.) | ||
Energy | 1.7 | [97] | 0.5 | In substitution to: gas at 81%, oil at 15%, coal at 3%, electricity at 0.4% and GPL at 0.4% [98] |