Table 5 Average (± standard error) soil properties (0–30 cm) of different land uses in the Wujig Mahgo Waren forest of Ethiopia

Dense forest

33.1 ± 3.3^ab

34.5 ± 2.9^a

32.3 ± 2.3^a

3.1 ± 0.17^a

1.11 ± 0.05^a

Open forest

27.2 ± 2.6^ab

43.8 ± 2.2^a

28.0 ± 1.6^a

2.7 ± 0.16^a

1.17 ± 0.04^a

Grassland

29.2 ± 8.1^ab

42.5 ± 7.1^a

28.3 ± 2.6^a

2.8 ± 0.27^a

1.28 ± 0.07^a

Cultivated land

19.7 ± 3.6^b

48.4 ± 4.4^a

31.8 ± 3.2^a

2.2 ± 0.33^a

1.31 ± 0.04^a

Bare land

50.2 ± 11.1^a

27.8 ± 8.0^a

22.0 ± 6.0^a

2.0 ± 0.25^a

1.37 ± 0.05^a

p-value

0.023

0.02

0.23

0.06

0.035