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Table 10 Analytical approach for determination of substitution factors SFMa (substitution of material)

From: Modeling the CO2-effects of forest management and wood usage on a regional basis

Comparison of material systems

SFMa [tC/tC]

1. Roundwood (poles, fences, buildings, also treated) vs. steel, concrete, aluminum

2.40

2. Softwood lumber, sawn, wet, for packaging concrete shuttering vs. plastics (foils, 3-D elements)

1.80

3. Softwood lumber, planned and dried for building Purposes vs. concrete, steel, bricks

1.40

4. Softwood based glued timber products (glue-lam, CLT) vs. steel, concrete, bricks

1.30

5. Plywood, also overlaid vs. aluminum profiles, glass-fiber-plastic

1.62

6. Wood based panels like particleboard, MDF, OSB (for walls, ceilings, roofs) vs. gypsum board, plaster, concrete, brick type walls

1.10

7. DIY products like lumber, panels, profile boards vs. mineral based products, plastic based panels, aluminum sheets

1.35

8. Wooden flooring (one layer, multi layers), laminate flooring vs. ceramic tiles, plastic flooring, wall to wall carpet

1,35

9. Doors (interior, exterior) – only framing/construction vs. steel, aluminum, PVC

1.62

10. Wooden window frames vs. PVC, aluminum

1.62

11. Wooden furniture (solid wood) vs. glass, plastic, metal

1.62

12. Wooden furniture (panel based) vs. glass, plastics, metal

1.46

13. Wooden kitchen furniture vs. glass, plastics, metal

1.62

14. Other wooden furniture (example: upholstery) vs. glass, plastics, metal

1.62

15. Wood based packaging vs. plastic, metal

1.35

16. Wooden transportation products vs. plastic, metal

1.62